Douglas resigned as NDP leader in 1971, but retained his seat in the House of Commons. Strayer, Barry L. "Patriation of the Constitution and the Charter: 25 years after", The Timlin Lecture, 20 February 2007, University of Saskatchewan, p. 14. [29] Woodsworth had suffered a stroke earlier in the year and he needed someone to hold his notes, and Douglas still held him in very high regard, and dutifully assisted his leader. [41] Also, Coldwell and Douglas thought Lewis would not be a viable alternative to Argue because Lewis was not likely to defeat Argue; this was partly due to Lewis' lack of a parliamentary seat but also, and likely more importantly, because his role as party disciplinarian over the years had made him many enemies, enough to potentially prevent him from winning the leadership. The adoption of public health care across Canada ended up being the work of three men with diverse political ideals – Douglas of the CCF, Diefenbaker of the Progressive Conservatives, and Pearson of the Liberals.
[])). [62], Douglas Provincial Park near Saskatchewan's Lake Diefenbaker and Qu'Appelle River Dam was named after him.
Douglas and the Saskatchewan CCF then went on to win five straight majority victories in all subsequent Saskatchewan provincial elections up to 1960.
[41] Coldwell did not trust Argue, and many in the CCF leadership thought that he was already having secret meetings with the Liberals with a view to a party merger. The owner offered to pay Douglas's way through night school so that he could learn Portuguese and Spanish, languages that would enable him to become a cork buyer. Christianity, they suggested, was just as concerned with the pursuit of social justice as it was with the struggle for individual salvation.
[53] In 1985, he was appointed to the Saskatchewan Order of Merit[54] and Brandon University created a students' union building in honour of Douglas and his old friend, Stanley Knowles. Get the latest public health information from CDC: https://www.coronavirus.gov. Douglas was awarded many honorary degrees, and a foundation was named for him and his political mentor M. J. Coldwell in 1971. Doctors there told his parents his leg would have to be amputated; however, a well-known orthopedic surgeon took interest and agreed to treat him for free if his parents allowed medical students to observe. After setting up Saskatchewan's universal healthcare program, Douglas stepped down and ran to lead the newly formed federal New Democratic Party (NDP), the successor party of the national CCF. Lijec Vjesn. This page was last edited on 9 November 2020, at 04:14.
[49], They took much grief for being the only parliamentarians to vote against it,[48] dropping to an approval rating of seven per cent in public opinion polls.
NLM I don't brood about it.
CCF national president David Lewis – who succeeded Coldwell as president in 1958, when the national chairman and national president positions were merged – and the rest of the new party's organizers opposed Argue's manoeuvres and wanted Douglas to be the new party's first leader.
[30] Douglas stayed in Canada and the Grenadiers headed for Hong Kong. [65] The Tommy Douglas Secondary School in Vaughan, Ontario, Canada named in his honour opened in February 2015. Thomas Clement Douglas was born in 1904 in Camelon, Falkirk, Scotland, the son of Annie (née Clement) and Thomas Douglas, an iron moulder who fought in the Boer War. [38] During the lead-up to the 1960 CCF convention, Argue was pressing Coldwell to step down; this leadership challenge jeopardized plans for an orderly transition to the new party that was being planned by the CCF and the Canadian Labour Congress.
In 1980, Douglas was awarded a Doctor of Laws degree honoris causa by Carleton University in Ottawa. Mater Sociomed. She first gained fame by leading a team of 38 nurses to staff an overseas hospital of the British army during the Crimean War.
He never completed his PhD thesis, but was deeply disturbed by his field work in the Depression-era "jungles" or hobo camps where about 75,000 transients sheltered in lean-tos venturing out by day to beg or to steal. [7], In 1930, Douglas married Irma Dempsey, a music student at Brandon College. In the biography mini-series, Prairie Giant: The Tommy Douglas Story, which aired on 12 and 13 March 2006, also on CBC, Douglas was played by Michael Therriault.
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2019 Dec;31(4):298-299. doi: 10.5455/msm.2019.31.298-299.
Around the same time as the leadership convention held to replace him, he asked the party not to buy him an elaborate parting gift.
LUKICH I. Sovetskoe Zdravookhranenie, 01 Jan 1965, 24: 70-72 Language: rus PMID: 14302401 .
Please enable Cookies and reload the page. Florence Nightingale: The Founder of Modern Nursing May 1, 2020 If there is one nurse pioneer whose name is recognizable among regular citizens, not just those in healthcare, it is Florence Nightingale (1820-1910), “the Lady with the Lamp,” whose name is … Douglas was mentioned in the Michael Moore documentary Sicko, which compared the health care system in the United States with that of Canada and other countries. Health, civilization and the state: A history of public health from ancient to modern times. [Twenty years after the death of Andrija Stampar (author's transl)]. [55], In June 1984, Douglas was injured when he was struck by a bus, but he quickly recovered and on his 80th birthday he claimed to The Globe and Mail that he usually walked up to five miles a day.
Liberal-minded professors at Brandon encouraged students to question their fundamentalist religious beliefs. Your browser will redirect to your requested content shortly.
Actor Kiefer Sutherland, son of daughter Shirley and actor Donald Sutherland, is his grandson. [STAMPAR--FOUNDER OF MODERN PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE IN YUGOSLAVIA]. [69][70], Douglas was also the subject of a 1986 National Film Board of Canada documentary Tommy Douglas: Keeper of the Flame,[71] which received the Gemini Award for Best Writing in a Documentary Program or Series. [18][a], In the summer of 1931, Douglas continued his studies in sociology at the University of Chicago.
Europe PMC is an ELIXIR Core Data Resource Learn more >. Osteomyelitis set in and he underwent a number of operations in Scotland in an attempt to cure the condition. [7] Douglas sustained a broken nose, a loss of some teeth, and a strained hand and thumb. [72][73], He was also known for his retelling of the fable of "Mouseland", which likens the majority of voters to mice, and how they either elect black or white cats as their politicians, but never their own mice: meaning that workers and their general interests were not being served by electing wealthy politicians from the Liberal or Conservative parties (black and white cats), and that only a party from their class (mice), originally the CCF, later the NDP, could serve their interests (mice). [34], Douglas is widely known as the father of Medicare, but the Saskatchewan universal program was finally launched by his successor, Woodrow Lloyd, in 1962. [75], Douglas received honorary degrees from several universities, including. He served as the NDP's energy critic under the new leader, David Lewis.
Douglas interviewed men who once belonged to the American middle class—despondent bank clerks, lawyers and doctors. [16] By the time Douglas took office in 1944, many people questioned eugenics due to Nazi Germany's embrace of it in its effort to create a "master race". The CCF parliamentary caucus chose Hazen Argue as its new leader in the House. No abstract provided. [30], Despite being a federal Member of Parliament and not yet an MLA, Douglas was elected the leader of the Saskatchewan CCF in 1942 after successfully challenging the incumbent leader, George Hara Williams, but did not resign from the House of Commons until 1 June 1944. Abstract . Thomas Clement Douglas PC CC SOM (20 October 1904 – 24 February 1986) was a Scottish Canadian politician who served as Premier of Saskatchewan from 1944 to 1961 and Leader of the New Democratic Party from 1961 to 1971. He added that his interest in social and economic questions led him to preach about "building a society and building institutions that would uplift mankind". [40] Coldwell stepped down as leader, and Argue replaced him, becoming the party's final national leader. This article is about the Canadian politician. [1] In 1910, his family immigrated to Canada, where they settled in Winnipeg. Most of his government's pioneering innovations came about during its first term, including: Douglas was the first head of any government in Canada to call for a constitutional bill of rights. He served a five-year apprenticeship and worked as a Linotype operator finally acquiring his journeyman's papers, but decided to return to school to pursue his ambition to become an ordained minister.
You must have law and order, and you must have the necessary military means to enforce that law and order. Douglas's number one concern was the creation of Medicare. [25] With the onset of the Depression, Douglas became a social activist in Weyburn, and joined the new Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) political party. He was noted as being the main opposition to the imposition of the War Measures Act during the 1970 October Crisis. He also witnessed the RCMP shoot and kill one of the workers. [40], As far back as 1941, Coldwell wanted Douglas to succeed him in leading the National CCF (at that time, it was obvious that Coldwell would be assuming the national leadership in the near future). [7] He held the title the following year. [74] Years later, his grandson, television actor Kiefer Sutherland, provided the introduction to a Mouseland animated video that used a Douglas Mouseland speech as its narration. There he met a farmer's daughter named Irma Dempsey who would later become his wife. His cabinet was the first democratic socialist government in North America and it introduced the continent's first single-payer, universal health care program. [56] By this point in his life his memory was beginning to slow down and he stopped accepting speaking engagements but remained active in the Douglas–Coldwell Foundation.