This is Clemmensen reduction. Your answer for question #3 is correct. 1st process: Alcohols can be made from alkyl halides, which can be made from alkanes . However, there is a fundamental misconception you used in #1 and #2 that led to an incorrect answer. CH 3 CHO + 2H 2 CH 3 CH 3 + H 2 O. CH 3 COOH + 2H 2 CH 3 CH 2 CH 3 + H 2 O. Carbonyl compounds may also be reduced to alkanes by Wolf Kishner reaction . … (8) Reductions of alkyl halides and triflates give poorer yields in general than reductions of alcohols. To begin, isopropyl bromide is this compound below: It is a halo-alkane obtained by synthesizing an alcohol with a strong acid to form a halo-alkane and a water molecule.
HCI also yields alkanes. The following NaBH 4 reduction of an enone shows two possible products: the first from 1,4-reduction and the second from 1,2-reduction. The reduction of carbonyl compounds by amalgamated zinc and conc. A Lewis acid, typically aluminium(III) chloride or bromide, is required regardless of the substitution pattern of the alkyl halide. Wurtz reaction : In dry ethereal solution, on treating alkyl halides with sodium metal, production of alkanes is higher. Hydration of alkenes The elements of water can be added to the double‐bonded carbons of an alkene in either a Markovnikov's or an anti‐Markovnikov's manner. 7) Allylic alcohols may be deoxygenated in the presence of tertiary alcohols when ethereal lithium perchlorate is employed. For larger alcohol molecules, we use a number to indicate the position of the OH group on the longest carbon chain, similar to the number needed for alkenes and alkynes.
Clemmensen Reduction acid alcohol aldehyde alkane acid alkane (–1C) CH3 Samarium Iodide Ionic Hydrogenation (Et3SiH, TFA) Luche Reduction (NaBH4, CeCl3) ** 1. When these substrates are reduced, 1,2-reduction - which produces an allyl alcohol - is in competition with the 1,4-reduction - which forms the saturated ketone or aldehyde. Again, the carbon chain is numbered to give the OH group the lowest number, no matter how large the other numbers are. Which alkane is obtained by the reduction of isopropyl bormide?
Alcohols can be prepared by the hydration of alkenes or by the reduction of aldehydes, ketones, acids, and esters. Alkane can be produced from alkyl halides predominantly by two ways: Alkanes can be prepared from alkyl halides (except fluorides) through reduction with zinc and dilute hydrochloric acid.