Addition polymerization generally occurs among molecules containing double and triple bonds. (iii) Addition polymers (i) Polythene (iii) Neoprene (All India 2014)
(a) Homopolymers : Polymers whose repeating structural units are derived from only one type of monomer units are called homopolymers.
Buna- S, Buna-N.
Question 29. The reaction is carried out at 420 – 460 K in presence of a catalyst consisting of a mixture of zinc acetate and antimony trioxide. Answer: They do not melt when heated. Answer: Distinguish between the terms homopolymer and copolymer and give an example of each.
melamine formaldehyde polymer etc. These are: Answer:
Explain with suitable examples. . Example, Buna-S and Buna-N. Buna- S is a copolymer of 1, 3- butadiene and styrene while Buna-N is a copolymer of 1,3-butadiene and acrylonitrile.
A few more examples are of: buna-S, buna-N and neoprene. Question 1. (ii) Polypropene
(ii) Teflon (iii) Bakelite Answer: Question 32.
Question 39.
(b) Sulphur introduces sulphur bridges or cross-links between polymer chains thereby imparting more tensile strength, elasticity and resistance to abrasion.
Example of natural polymers: Natural rubber, cellulose, nucleic acids, proteins etc. Write the name and structure of the monomer of each of the following polymers : (i) Neoprene (ii) Buna-S (iii) Teflon (Delhi 2013) Answer: Question 32.
(iii) Arrange the following polymers in the increasing order of their intermolecular forces:
(ii) ASTM A193 GRADE B7 TEFLON COATED STUD BOLTS GOVERNING STANDARDS: ASTM A193/A193M Standard specification for alloy-steel and stainless steel bolting for high temperature or high pressure service and other special purpose applications.
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(iii) Neoprene (All India 2011) (iii) Nylon-6,6 : Manufacture of sheets, bristles from brushes, textiles etc. (iii) Teflon (a) What are biodegradable polymers? How does a homopolymer differ from a copolymer? (Delhi 2013) Give one example. (iii) Teflon (Delhi 2013)
(b) Melamine—formaldehyde polymer
(All India 2013)
(ii) Neoprene : Chloroprene. In condensation polymerisation, two or more bifunctional trifimctional molecules undergo a series of independent condensation reactions usually with the elimination of simple molecules like water, alcohol, ammonia, carbon dioxide and hydrogen chloride to form a macromolecule.
How are polymers classified on the basis of structure?
Question 15.
(c)It is not resistant to the action of organic solvents. Give one example each of the resulting polymers. (All India 2010) up of some monomer units, Question 10. (i) addition polymers
Answer:
15.3. What is meant by ‘copolymerisation’?
Thermosetting polymers, on the other hand, are permanently setting polymers. Write the names of the monomers of the following polymers: Answer: (ii) Nylon-6 : The monomeric repeating unit of Nylon-6 is.
(ii) Nylon 6, Neoprene, Polyvinyl chloride Teflon, Bakelite and Natural Rubber. In nylon 6, 6, what does the designation ‘6, 6’ mean? (ii) Condensation polymers (iii) Nylon-6, 6 (Delhi 2012) (iii) Teflon (Delhi 2017) Question 58. How are polymers classified on the basis of structure?
Question 13. The monomer used in preparation of teflon is tetrafluoroethylene, (CF2 = CF2), which is a gas at room temperature. Answer: As a result, the fibres are crystalline in nature and have aJso sharp melting points. Write the names and structures of the monomers of the following polymers : (Comptt. (a) How are thermosetting polymers different from thermoplastic polymers? (iii) The increasing order of polymers on the basis of their intermolecular forces: What does the part ‘6, 6’ mean in the name nylon-6, 6? Ans: On the basis of intermolecuiar forces, polymers (Delhi 2010) 1. (All India 2010) Write the name of monomers used for getting the following polymers : NCERT Solutions For Class 12 Chemistry Polymers, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 2, Periodic Classification of Elements Class 10, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 8, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 9, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 11, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 12, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 13, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 14, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 15, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 16, CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12, CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 10. Answer: Give one example of a condensation polymer. (ii) Dacron Write the names and structures of the monomers of the following polymers: (Delhi 2013)
Example : Polyethene, PVC, teflon.
Monomer ➝ Phenol and Formaldehyde Natural rubber is yet another useful polymer which is obtained from the latex of the rubber tree. How does the presence of double bonds in rubber molecules influence their structure and reactivity? 15.7. 2. Condensation polymers : Terylene, bakelite. (a) Phenol Structure : (C6H5OH) and (Delhi 2013) Question 57.
Which of the following is a natural polymer? Question 7.
(iii) Monomer: Tetrafluoroethene — CF2 = CF2, Question 64. Delhi 2014)
(i) Nylon 6,6, Buna-S, Polythene
Polystyrene, Terylene, Buna-S (Delhi 2016) Elastomers: In these polymers, the intermolecular forces are the weakest. Question 53. Ans: In addition polymerization, the molecules of the same or different monomers simply add on to one another leading to the formation of a macromolecules without elimination of small molecules like H2O, NH3 etc. Polymers are also called macromolecules. 15.1.
Question 38. Give one example. A few common examples are starch, cellulose, proteins, rubber nucleic acids, etc. (ii) Melamine—formaldehyde polymer (Comptt. Teflon ® is a brand name used for a group of man-made chemicals, the most common of which is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Since both adipic acid and hexamethylenediamine contain six carbon atoms each.
Answer: Example: Poly-p-Hydroxybutyrate-Co-p-Hydro- xyvalerate (PHBV). 2. All India 2014) What are natural and synthetic polymers ? 15.2. (a) Homopolymers : Polymers whose repeating structural units are derived from only one type of monomer units are called homopolymers. Answer: Which of the following is a fibre? (i) Buna-S
Ans: It is a homopolymer because the repeating structural unit has only one type of monomer, i.e., NH2—CHR—COOH.
Question 12. Write the structures of the monomers used for getting the following polymers:
Answer: Ans: Natural rubber is cis-polyisoprene and is obtained by 1, 4-polymerization of isoprene units. Answer: (c) Buna-S (All India 2017)
(i) Nylon-6 (ii) Adipic acid HOOC(CH2)4—COOH and Hexamethylene diamine NH2(CH2)6NH2. (i) Dacron structural units are derived from two or more types of monomer molecules are copolymers.
Write the names and structures of the monomers of the following polymers:
Question 37. elastomers, fibres, thermoplastic polymers and thermosetting polymers.
Attempt the following: Write preparation, properties and uses of Teflon. Answer: Question 18.
(Comptt. Question 61. Example : Nylon-2-Nylon-6, Question 49. (iii) Buna-S (Delhi 2017) (i) Bakelite : (iii) Nylon-66 (Comptt.
(Delhi 2010) Answer: In these polymers, also called net—work polymers, the monomer units are linked together to form three dimensionaL net—work as shown in the figure. (i) Bakelite Delhi 2012) Answer: Question 30.
15.20. Answer: Question 20. The increasing order of intermolecuiar forces is: Elastomer < Plastic < fibre. Answer: Question 42.
(iii) Nylon-66 : Manufacture of sheets, bristles from brushes, textiles etc.
to form a macromolecule. Homopolymers : Polymers whose repeating structural units are derived from only one type of monomer units are called homopolymers. Answer: Among them, starch and cellulose are the polymers of glucose molecules.
Thus, we have What are natural and synthetic polymers ? Monomers are the. Delhi 2014) Mention two important uses of each of the following : Explain the term ‘copolymerization’ and give two examples of copolymerization. The close packing results in high densities, tensile strength and also high melting and boiling points. 4. (iii) Teflon
(ii) Nylon-6, 6 (Comptt. Question 3. Question 51. Example : Buna- S, Buna-N. (i) Bakelite
Therefore, rubber is generally used in a narrow temperature range (283-335 K) where its elasticity is maintained. Benzoyl peroxide undergoes homolysis and works as chain initiator. Co-polymerization is a polymerization reaction in which a mixture of more than one monomeric species is allowed to polymerize and form a copolymer. Answer: Ethylene glycol HO—CH2CH2—OH (a) CH2 = CH – Cl (a) Those polymers which can be decomposed by microorganisms are called biodegradeable polymers. 15.10.
Define thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers.